south african surname origins 21 Nov south african surname origins

[144] He returned in 1923, and continued working in the Union of South Africa as a German Spy for the Third Reich. [127], Dissatisfaction with British influence in the Union's affairs reached a climax in September 1914, when impoverished Boers, anti-British Boers and bitter-enders launched a rebellion. Today middle names are common among people with a Catholic, Protestant, Islamic or South Asian background. Rhodes and Rudd had earlier made fortunes from diamond mining at Kimberley. [155], From 1948, successive National Party administrations formalised and extended the existing system of racial discrimination and denial of human rights into the legal system of apartheid,[156] which lasted until 1991. Within census records, you can often find information like name of household members, ages, birthplaces, residences, and occupations. [210] Both sides were forced to the negotiating table, with the result that in June 1991, all apartheid laws were finally rescinded- opening the way for the country's first multiracial democratic elections three years later. British sovereignty of the area was recognised at the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the Dutch accepting a payment of 6 million pounds for the colony. [184] A controversial bombing and airborne assault conducted by 200 South African paratroopers on 4 May 1978 at Cassinga in southern Angola, resulted in around 700 South West Africans being killed, including PLAN militants and a large number of women and children. [24] Others, now known as the SothoTswana peoples (Tswana, Pedi, and Sotho), settled in the interior on the plateau known as the Highveld,[24] while today's Venda, Lemba, and Tsonga peoples made their homes in the north-eastern areas of present-day South Africa. [198] The armed wing of the ANC, Umkhonto weSizwe (abbreviation MK, meaning Spear of the Nation) claimed moral legitimacy for the resort to violence on the grounds of necessary defence and just war. There are 3,000 census records available for the last name South African. The four expeditions Gordon undertook between 1777 and 1786 are recorded in a series of several hundred drawings known collectively as the Gordon Atlas, as well as in his journals, which were only discovered in 1964. By June 1900, Pretoria, the last of the major Boer towns, had surrendered. Boer Voortrekkers in 1838 established the Republic of Natalia in the surrounding region, with its capital at Pietermaritzburg. 77. Khumalo: Pretorius: Pretorius is a surname of Germanic origins. [159], On 16 December 1966, United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2202 A (XXI) identified apartheid as a "crime against humanity". At its peak in 1987, the UDF had some 700 affiliates and about 3,000,000 members. As punishment to the Basotho, the governor and commander-in-chief of the Cape Colony, George Cathcart, deployed troops to the Mohokare River; Moshoeshoe was ordered to pay a fine. Many blacks adopted the surname of Freeman after emancipation in 1863. Naidoo: A popular Indian surname in South Africa. 3,481 st most common surname in the world and it is an alternative spelling of Naidu. Kholwa (Southern African origin), meaning "believe" and is found in both Ndebele and Zulu cultures. He withdrew from the area and led his people northwards to what would later become the Matabele region of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). [228] The slow pace of transformation also fomented tensions within the tripartite alliance between the ANC, the Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions.[229]. The "aliens" objected to being denied parliamentary representation and the right to vote, and they complained also of bureaucratic government delays in the issuing of licenses and permits, and general administrative incompetence on the part of the government.[119]. 78. [62], By the end of 1847, following annexation by Britain of the former Boer republic of Natalia, nearly all the Boers had left their former republic, which the British renamed Natal. Ndlovu: Means elephant. Sizwe m Southern African, Xhosa. 3. Fourie, J. White people, who constituted 20 percent of the population, held 90 percent of the land. Introduction: South Africa has a unique history of apartheid that has had significant implications on economic and social policies. [230][231][232] Notable corruption related scandals during this period included incidents of widespread state capture[233] often involving allegations against the Gupta family. Afumba (Zambian origin) meaning "when they plan". In order to prevent UNITA's collapse and cement the rule of a friendly government, South Africa intervened on 23 October, sending between 1,500 and 2,000 troops from Namibia into southern Angola in order to fight the MPLA. Madia South African. The ANC-led government, in a historic reversal of policy, adopted neoliberalism instead. In 1824 a party of 25 men under British Lieutenant F G Farewell arrived from the Cape Colony and established a settlement on the northern shore of the Bay of Natal, which would later become the port of Durban, so named after Benjamin D'Urban, a governor of the Cape Colony. [14][15][16] The initial origin of the Khoikhoi remains uncertain.[17][18]. [110], Of the leading 25 foreign industrialists who were instrumental in opening up deep level mining operations at the Witwatersrand gold fields, 15 were Jewish, 11 of the total were from Germany or Austria, and nine of that latter category were also Jewish. As societies became more complex or were colonised by more complex societies these distinguishing names became fixed and were passed on to the next generation. A list of references about Personal Names or Surnames at the Local History and Genealogy Reading Room at the Library of Congress. Boujettif Northern African (Archaic) Meaning, "The family of the son of the Clever Head" or "One Whom Possess a Clever Head." Bou (normally used in the North African Regions of the Maghrib Countries) has 2 possible derivative meanings both originating from the Arabic language, "Son of." or an Arabic word Tho meaning, "One Who Possess A Quality."Jettif is a variance of Jettef, Jeif or Ji'f . Britain, due to the military burden imposed on it by the Crimean War in Europe, then withdrew its troops from the territory in 1854, when the territory along with other areas in the region was claimed by the Boers as an independent Boer republic, which they named the Orange Free State. [134] The South African government issued no war service medal to the black servicemen and the special medal issued by King George V to "native troops" that served the Empire, the British War Medal in bronze, was disallowed and not issued to the SANLC. Abeba [83] The British then set about establishing large sugar plantations in the area today named KwaZulu-Natal Province. The First Sekhukhune War of 1876 was conducted by the Boers, and the two separate campaigns of the Second Sekhukhune War of 1878/1879 were conducted by the British. Anthony Egan, Review of "The Hidden Thread: Russia and South Africa in the Soviet Era" by Irina Filatova & Apollon Davidson, Phyllis Johnson & David Martin, Apartheid Terrorism: The destabilisation report, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989, p.122, UN General Assembly, res n 2154 (XXI), 17 November 1966. The Land Act would form a cornerstone of legalised racial discrimination for the next nine decades. "Disease and Society: VOC Cape Town, Its People, and the Smallpox Epidemics of 1713, 1755, and 1767," Kleio 27, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 09:53. 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These are the 10 most common African American surnames according to the 2000 census: Williams: Williams is a patronymic of English origin of someone with a forebear named William. 4. The Dutch East India Company (in the Dutch of the day: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC) decided to establish a permanent settlement at the Cape in 1652. The rebellion was suppressed, and at least one officer was sentenced to death and executed by firing squad. [240][241], The post-apartheid period has been marked by numerous outbreaks of xenophobic attacks against foreign migrants and asylum seekers from various conflict zones in Africa. A series of battles ensued, in which Mzilikazi was eventually defeated. The provision of ARV treatment resulted in 100,000 fewer AIDS-related deaths in 2011 than in 2005. Rubinstein, W. D. (2004). No gold was ever discovered in the annexed territory. Estimates for the death toll resulting from the Mfecane range from 1 million to 2 million.[47][48][49][50]. Hamilton, Carolyn and Bernard K. Mbenga, eds. [192][193], South Africa in the 1980s also provided logistical and other covert support to Resistncia Nacional Moambicana (RENAMO) rebels, in neighbouring Mozambique fighting the FRELIMO-run government during the Mozambique Civil War, and it launched cross-border raids into Lesotho, Swaziland and Botswana, killing or capturing a number of South African exiles. [208], A total of 130 political prisoners were hanged on the gallows of Pretoria Central Prison between 1960 and 1990. Newbury (1987), p.1 citing D Hobart Houghton and Jennifer Dagut (eds). By the end of the siege, about three weeks later, Mokopane and between 1,000 and 3,000 people had died in the caves. Genocide: A History. The Battle of Delville Wood and the sinking of the SS Mendi being the greatest single incidents of loss of life. Concentration camp superintendents did not always record the deaths of black inmates in the camps.[123]. [245] Protests against the incarceration triggered wider rioting and looting, further exacerbated by job layoffs and economic woes worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. (2014). Since 2007 South Africa has experienced an ongoing energy crisis that has negatively impacted the country's economy,[237] its ability to create jobs,[237] and reduce poverty. Discusses commonest names, some famous names, etymology . Aguer (South Sudanese origin) means "tree". By the late 1700s, the Cape Colony population had grown to include a large number of mixed-race so-called "coloureds" who were the offspring of extensive interracial relations between male Dutch settlers, Khoikhoi females, and female slaves imported from Dutch colonies in the East. In early South Africa, European notions of national boundaries and land ownership had no counterparts in African political culture. 142168. Lerato (Southern African origin), meaning "love" in Sotho, pronounced LE-raa-too. Meaning: Spirit. The VOC, one of the major European trading houses sailing the spice route to the East, had no intention of colonizing the area, instead wanting only to establish a secure base camp where passing ships could be serviced and restock on supplies. Religion was a very important aspect of the settlers culture and the bible and church services were in Dutch. Remains of hanged prisoners to be exhumed. Under the leadership of a former slave named Adam Kok, these "coloureds" or Basters (meaning mixed race or multiracial) as they were named by the Dutcha word derived from baster, meaning "bastard"[68]started trekking northward into the interior, through what is today named Northern Cape Province. [120] It ended when the invading column was ambushed and captured by Boer commandos. [174] These states, forming a regional alliance of southern African states, were named collectively as the Frontline States: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and, from 1980, Zimbabwe. [24] The free burghers were ex-VOC soldiers and gardeners, who were unable to return to Holland when their contracts were completed with the VOC. This has been interpreted as the earliest example ever discovered of abstract art or symbolic art created by Homo sapiens. In a referendum held on 17 March 1992, the white electorate voted 68% in favour of democracy. Mannan: Mannan is a Hindu surname meaning 'king' in Tamil. Gill: Gill is a Punjabi surname. The precious metal that underpinned international trade would dominate South African exports for decades to come. According to Solomon Johannes Terreblanche, a South African academic economist, the government's concessions to big business represented "treacherous decisions that [will] haunt South Africa for generations to come". The Transvaal Boer republic was forcefully annexed by Britain in 1877, during Britain's attempt to consolidate the states of southern Africa under British rule. This led to conflict between the Basotho and the British, who were defeated by Moshoeshoe's warriors at the battle of Viervoet in 1851. [9], Many more species of early hominid have come to light in recent decades. [97] No material benefits accrued to the Griquas as a result of either colonisation or annexation; they did not receive any share of the diamond wealth generated at Kimberley. Origin: Tswana, Southern African Meaning: Blessed one, blessings Alternative Spellings & Variations: Sego Famous Namesakes: Masego Ntshingane, Botswanan athlete Peak Popularity: Masego isn't a very popular name in the United States. Following in Dart's footsteps Robert Broom discovered a new much more robust hominid in 1938 Paranthropus robustus at Kromdraai, and in 1947 uncovered several more examples of Australopithecus africanus at Sterkfontein. Cattle rustling ensued and a party of Boers under the leadership of Piet Retief were killed. The stat was also shown on television, which . In November 1497, a fleet of Portuguese ships under the command of the Portuguese mariner Vasco da Gama rounded the Cape of Good Hope. Scientists researching the periods before written historical records were made have established that the territory of what is now referred to generically as South Africa was one of the important centers of human evolution. 36. "[69] They were joined on their long journey by a number of San and Khoikhoi aboriginals, local African tribesmen, and also some white renegades. 1. Luckhoff South African Lupondo South African Luter South African Madia South African [90], Other members of the Ndebele ethnic language group in different areas of the region similarly came into conflict with the Voortrekkers, notably in the area that would later become the Northern Transvaal. The July 2021 unrest coincided with the Cape Town taxi conflict[253] and Transnet ransomware attack[254][255] leading to unproven speculation that they might have been connected. 2. He appealed to the British for help against Ndlambe, who retaliated in 1819 during the Fifth Frontier War by attacking the British colonial town of Grahamstown. For the veterans among your South African ancestors, military collections provide insights into where and when they served, and even physical descriptions. BP Willan, "The South African Native Labour Contingent, 19161918". A given name may consist of only one name (the first name) or multiple names, in which case subsequent names are referred to as middle names. Last names come from indigenous, colonialist, and diasporic roots. [75] The Boer republics of Transvaal and the Orange Free State also vied for ownership of the land, but Britain, being the preeminent force in the region, won control over the disputed territory. Tau was the name of the last ruler of the Rolong in South Africa (18th century). Origin: Ghanaian Meaning: "Child that keeps coming or reincarnation." Kanumba Origin: Tanzanian Meaning: Unknown. 29. [94] Cape Colony Governor Henry Barkly persuaded all claimants to submit themselves to a decision of an arbitrator and so Robert W Keate, Lieutenant-Governor of Natal was asked to arbitrate. Pronounce it KAH-yah. The African National Congress won, well ahead of the governing National Party and the Inkatha Freedom Party. [40], Various theories have been advanced for the causes of the difaqane, ranging from ecological factors to competition in the ivory trade. Abara is a common last name in the Igbo community. "[185] The Angolan government described the target of the attack as a refugee camp. Many African last names reference wealth and the aristocracy. An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your South African ancestors lived in harsh conditions. Those settlers who were allocated money could only claim it in Britain in person or through an agent. The flag of Republic of South Africa was adopted on 26 April 1994. Search US census records for South African, View all South African immigration records, Do not sell or share my personal information. With 250,000 paid-up members at the height of its existence, it was the largest white protest movement in the country's history. Labour unrest in the industry resulted in a massacre in mid-August 2012, when anti-riot police shot dead 34 striking miners and wounded many more in what is known as the Marikana massacre. [180] The civil war in Angola resulted in 550,0001,250,000 deaths in total mostly from famine. [166] At the same time, State-sponsored vigilante groups carried out violent attacks on communities and community leaders associated with resistance to apartheid. African Last Names Ba Bah Ballo Cisse Contee Conteh Diallo Fall Kone Mensah Ndiaye Nwosu Okafor Okeke Okoro Osei Owusu Sall Sane Sarr Sesay Sow Sy Toure Traore Turay Yeboah There are 54 countries, between 900 and 1,500 languages, and several thousand ethnic groups in Africa, according to Britannica. By 1952, the brief flame of mass-based white radicalism was extinguished, when the Torch Commando disbanded due to government legislation under the Suppression of Communism Act, 1950. [141] On 21 June 1942 nearly 10,000 South African soldiers, representing one-third of the entire South African force in the field, were taken prisoner by German Field Marshal Rommel's forces in the fall of Tobruk, Libya. Page 1 2. 2. [214] ANC icon Nelson Mandela, asserted in a statement released on 25 January 1990: "The nationalisation of the mines, banks and monopoly industries is the policy of the ANC, and a change or modification of our views in this regard is inconceivable. 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